A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Child Abuse among mothers of Under-Five Children at Selected Rural Area of Banaskantha, Gujarat

Rishabh Upadhyay¹, Patel Maheshbhai², Suthar Heenaben², Chaudhary Maheshbhai²,

Parmar Vijaykumar², Pepraniya Mittal², Prajapati Vaishaliben², Rabari Vaghabhai²,

Rana Sagarbhai², Shrimali Prince²

¹Assistant Professor, Shree Krishna Institute of Nursing, Bhabhar, Gujarat.

²B.Sc. Nursing IV Year Students, Shree Krishna Institute of Nursing, Bhabhar, Gujarat.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: rishabhupadhyay4735@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Background: Child abuse is child maltreatment as any act or series of acts of commission or omission by a parent or other caregiver that results in harm, potential for harm, or threat of harm to a child. The first documented case of child abuse occurred in New York in 1874.The different types of child abuse are: physical abuse, neglect, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, parental substance abuse and abandonment. Methods: this study included the Quantitative research approach, pre-experimental one group pre–test post-test research design. 80 Mothers of under-five children were selected by using Non-probability Convenient Sampling technique. On first day pre- test was done by using the Self-administered questionnaire, Explain about Child abuse. On 7th day post-test was done by using Self-administered questionnaire, to check the effect of planned teaching program on knowledge regarding Child abuse among the mothers of under-five children. The data obtained were analyzed and interpreted by using both descriptive and inferential statistical in terms of frequency, percentage, and chi-square. Results: The knowledge regarding Child abuse among Mothers of under-five children was assessed. the ‘z’ value 15.62 is significantly higher than the table value 1.96 at 0.05 level significance. This indicates that there was a difference in the pre-test and post-test knowledge score of respondents and the Structured teaching programme is effective in improving the knowledge score of mothers of under five children, hence the H₁ hypothesis was proved and accepted. There is an association between pre- test knowledge score with selected Socio- demographic variables; hence the research hypothesis (H₂) is accepted. Conclusion: This study concludes that there is improvement in the level of knowledge of mothers of under five children which indicate that the Structured teaching programme is effective. The demographic variables of mothers of under five children significantly associated with the pre- test knowledge score. The development of Structured teaching programme will help the mothers of under five children to enhance their knowledge.

KEYWORDS: Assess, Effectiveness, Structured teaching programme, Knowledge, Child abuse, Mothers of under five children.

INTRODUCTION:

Child abuse has become a burning issue in the recent times. This abuse and violence have no geographic and cultural boundaries. It is prevalent among the rich and the poor, educated and uneducated, young and middle-aged, and megacity residers and pastoral folks.¹ In the United States, the center for disease compaint control and forestallment dales the child maltreatment as any act or series of acts of commission or omission by a parent or other caregiver that results in detriment, eventuality for detriment, or trouble of detriment to a child.² According to the Journal of Child Abuse and Neglect, child abuse is “any recent act or elision by a parent or caretaker which results in death, serious physical or emotional detriment, sexual abuse or exploitation, an act, or failure to act which presents an imminent threat of serious harm³”. Children have their own right to live in the healthy society likely to be physical and mentally healthy, to have medical facility, education, without any gender discrimination, etc. even beyond this legislation children are often maltreated in many forms at home, school, and day care centre by the caretakers and others.⁴

Child abuse is child maltreatment as any act or series of acts of commission or omission by a parents or other caregivers that results in harmful effect, risk for harm, or threat of danger to a child.⁵ The first documented case of child abuse occurred in New York in 1874.⁶The varying types of child abuse are: physical abuse, negligence, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, parental substance abuse and abandonment.⁷

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

A study to assess the effectiveness of Structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding Child abuse among Mothers of under-five children at selected rural area of Banaskantha, Gujarat.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

· To assess the knowledge regarding Child abuse among Mothers of under-five children.

· To assess the effectiveness of Structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding Child abuse among Mothers of under-five children.

· To find out the association between the Pre-test knowledge regarding Child abuse among Mothers of under-five children with their selected-demographic variables.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Research design and Setting:

Pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test research design was selected for this study.

Sample, Sample Size and Sampling Technique:

The samples selected for the present study are Mothers of under-five children. The sample size were 80. The non-probability Convenient sampling techniques was used to select the sample. A 80 sample of Mothers of under-five children were selected from selected rural area of Banaskantha, Gujarat.

Development and Description of the Tool:

The self-administered questionnaire consists of two parts:

Section A-Demographic data:

Consist of selected socio-demographic variables such as Age of the mother in Years, Educational status of mother, Type of the family, Occupational status of mother, Total Number of under five children in family, Do have any information about Child abuse. This section consists of 06 items.

Section B-Tool and Scoring Techniques:

Structured knowledge questionnaire was selected based on the objective of the study.

All above provided relevant data necessary to construct the tool on child abuse among Mothers of under-five children. A blueprint was prepared prior to the construction of structured knowledge questionnaires. Which Consists of structured knowledge questionnaire on child abuse among Mothers of under-five children’s. This section consists of 25 items on selected aspects of child abuse. Each item had one or more correct answers all of which were scored. Each correct answer was given a score of ‘one’ and wrong answer ‘zero.’ The total score was 25.

RESULTS:

Organization and presentation of the data

The collected data was entered in a excel master sheet for tabulation and statistical processing. The data were analysed and interpreted using descriptive and inferential statistics based on the objectives and hypothesis formulated for the present study.

The Findings Are Presented Under the Following Headings:

Section A: frequency and percentage distribution of socio-demographic variables.

Section B: Distribution of respondents by Pre-test and Post-test level of knowledge regarding the effectiveness of Structured teaching Programme on knowledge regarding Child abuse among mothers of under five children.

Section C: Effectiveness of the Structured teaching Programme.

Section A: frequency and percentage distribution of socio-demographic variables.

Age of the mother in Years: As regard to Age of mother in year most of the respondent i.e.36.25% belonged to the age group of 28-32 years.

Educational status of mother: As regard to educational status of mother most of respondent i.e. 45% belonged to primary education.

Type of Family: As regard to type of family most of respondent i.e., 48.75% belonged to Joint family.

Occupational Status of Mother: As regard to occupational status of mother, most of the respondent i.e.32.5% belonged to the house wife.

Total Number of Under five Children in Family: As regard to Total Number of under five children in family in family, most of respondent are i.e., 43.75% of the respondent have two children.

Do you have any information about Child abuse: As regard to any information about child abuse most of the respondent i.e., 77.5% belonged to No information.

Level of knowledge	Score	Frequency		Percentage
Level of knowledge	Score	Pre-test	Post- test	Pre-test	Post-test
Inadequate knowledge (0-33%)	0-8	52	00	65%	00
Moderately knowledge (34-67%)	9-17	22	26	27.5%	32.5%
Adequate knowledge (68-100%)	18-25	06	54	7.50%	67.5%
Total	25	80	80	100%	100%

Figure 01: Level of Knowledge

Depicts the Pre-test and Post-test knowledge level of mother of under five children. The result shows that in pre-test 7.50% of the respondents had adequate knowledge, 27.5 % had moderate knowledge, and 65 % had inadequate knowledge and in post-test 67.50% had adequate knowledge, 32.50% had moderate knowledge and 0% of the respondent had inadequate knowledge regarding Child abuse among mother of under five children.

The result showed that the mean post-test knowledge score is 15.92(64.76%) is greater than the mean pre-test knowledge score 9.07(35.24%). The above table also depicts that the enhancement in the knowledge of respondents is 6.85(29.52%) supporting the post-test knowledge score are higher than the pretest knowledge score. The data further represent that the ‘z’ value 15.62 is significantly higher than the table value 1.96 at 0.05 level significance. This indicates that there was a difference in the pre-test and post-test knowledge score of respondents and the Structured teaching Programme is effective in improving the knowledge score of mother of under five children.

CONCLUSION:

The main conclusion from this present study is that most of the mother of under-five children had poor knowledge regarding child abuse in pre-test and had improved to get extent after intervention which was revealed in post-test. This shows the imperative need to understand the effectiveness of Structured teaching programme in improvement of knowledge regarding child abuse among Mother of under-five children.

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Received on 10.04.2025 Revised on 09.05.2025

Accepted on 04.06.2025 Published on 16.08.2025

Available online from August 25, 2025

Int. J. Nursing Education and Research. 2025;13(3):158-160.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2025.00033

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