INTRODUCTION:

“With a special need of child, a parent has to learn to be patient, to be a nurse, to be a lawyer because I have to be a good mediator for all the things that happen to my child.” —Mother from Omaha, Nebraska

Becoming a parent means our lives are changing and we must prepare for many changes. For some couples, the decision to become pregnant is carefully weighed against the impact that pregnancy and birth will have on their careers, lifestyles, financial status, and marital relationship. Others consider the repercussions of pregnancy and parenthood only briefly, or not at all. ¹

Becoming a parent brings about a series of changes in the life of a person. Preparing for the transition to parenthood includes changes in life roles and taking steps to manage such changes. New or expectant parents and others can prepare for parenthood by considering skills, tasks, experiences and resources that can assist in becoming a parent. More than half of all pregnancies in the United States are unplanned. This means that lots of women may get pregnant without really being ready for it. Planning your pregnancy can help you have a healthy baby. Babies who are planned are more likely to be born healthy than babies who aren’t planned. If you’re planning to have a baby, you’re more likely to get healthy before you get pregnan t and to get early and regular prenatal care during pregnancy.

Belsky. J, (2017), prenatal care is medical care you get during pregnancy. Getting your body ready can help you have a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby. A great way to get started is to get a preconception check -up. This is a medical check-up you get before you get pregnant. At this check-up, your provider makes sure you’re as healthy as possible so your body’s ready when you do get pregnant. If you’re not ready just yet, your provider helps you choose birth control to keep you from getting pregnant until you’re ready.²

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM:

Effectiveness of pamphlet on knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood among first time would be parent in selected area.

MATERIAL AND METHOD:

In view the nature of the problem and to accomplish the objectives of the study. A one group pre- test and post- test pre-experimental research design was used to evaluate the Effectiveness of pamphlet on knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood among first time would be parent in selected area.

The study design shows that on the first day (day 1), pre-test was given to assess the existing level of knowledge regarding planned parenthood among first time would be parent in selected area, using a structured knowledge questionnaire. Pamphlet was also administered on the same day. On the seventh day (day 7) post-test was conducted to assess the gain in knowledge using the same structured knowledge questionnaire. The study design is systematically represented as follows:

Table No. 1: A quasi experimental one group pre – test and post – test Research design.

Sample	Pre- test	Intervention	Post- test
Eligible couple	Administration of structured knowledge questionnaire on day 1	Administration of pamphlet on day 1	Administration of structured knowledge questionnaire on day 7
Eligible couple	^O1	X	^O2

KEY:

⁰₁: ^{Administration of structured knowledge
questionnaire regarding Planned Parenthood among first time} would be parent on day 1.

X: Intervention includes pamphlet on day 1 on Planned Parenthood.

⁰₂:^{Administration
of structured knowledge questionnaire to assess the posttest knowledge
regarding}Planned Parenthood among first time would be parent on day 7.

RESULT:

Deals with analysis of data related to the “Effectiveness of pamphlet on knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood among first time would be parent in selected area”.

Table No. 2: Bar Diagram showing Comparison of the average pre and posttest Knowledge score

Group	Frequency	Mean	S.D.	t value	P value
Pre-Test	60	7.93	1.33	22.14	0.000
Post Test	60	12.60	1.11	22.14	0.000

The comparisons of the pre test and post test means of the knowledge were done by the paired t test. The pretest average score was 7.93 with standard deviation of 1.33. The post test average score was 12.60 with standard deviation of 1.11. The test statistics value of the paired t test was 22.14 with p value 0.00. The p value less than 0.05, hence reject the null hypothesis. That means there is significant difference in pre and post test knowledge. Shows that, pamphlet to improve knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood among first time would be parent in selected area was effective.

DISCUSSION:

According to Wong ST, (2019), Conducted a study to examined the readability and suitability of oral health education (OHE) pamphlets produced by the Oral Health Program (OHP), Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia. In the present study, researcher thought to give pamphlet on knowledge regarding planned parenthood in selected area quasi experimental one group pre-test post-test research design was used Total 60 eligible couple sample were selected by Non probability purposive sampling technique as per the inclusion criteria. Structured Knowledge Question was used as an instrument which consisted of two sections Consisted of 9 items regarding demographic variable and consisted of questionnaires related to planned parenthood, use and prior to the collection of data researcher was obtained permission from competent authority of the selected area and informed consent was taken from both the participants. Pre-test was conducted to assess the knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood. Questionnaire on day 0 on the same day pamphlet was also administered to a using structured questionnaire regarding on 7^th day Post test was conducted to assess the gain in knowledge using the same structured knowledge questionnaire on the same sample.

In this study, findings shows that pre-test knowledge 3.33% of them had poor knowledge, 95% had average knowledge and 51.67 of them had good knowledge. Average knowledge score at the time of pretest was 7.93 with standard deviation of 1.33. The minimum score of knowledge was 5 with maximum score of 11. In post-test knowledge no one of had poor knowledge, 3.33% had average knowledge and 96.67 of them had good knowledge. Average knowledge score at the time of pretest was 12.60 with standard deviation of 1.10. The minimum score of knowledge was 10 with maximum score of 15.

The comparison of the pretest and post-test was conducted at 5% level of significance. The pretest average score was 7.93 with standard deviation of 1.33. The posttest average score was 12.60 with standard deviation of 1.11. The test statistics value of the paired t test was 22.14 with p value 0.00. The p value less than 0.05, hence reject the null hypothesis. That means there is significant difference in pre and posttest knowledge.

In this study shows that, pamphlet to improve knowledge regarding Planned Parenthood among first time would be parent in selected area was effective. The chi square test was used to see the association between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores of demographic variables.

CONCLUSION:

From the study findings it is concluded that the pamphlet was effective improving the knowledge of eligible couple regarding Planned Parenthood.

LIST OF ABBREVATIONS:

ABBREVATIONS	EXPANSIONS
PSA	Public Service Advertisement
RLPC	Reproductive Life Plan Counseling
TPB	Theory Of Planned Behavior
CP	Centering Pregnancy
LARC	Long-Acting Reversible Contraception
OHP	Oral Health Program
IG	Intervention Group
ANC	Antenatal Care Unit
CG	Control Group
GPs	General Practitioners
EC	English Language
RR	Risk Ratio
CI	Confidence Interval
LNG	Levonorgestrel
PCC	Periconceptional Consultation
LT	Liver Transplantation
KT	Kidney Transplant
NSHL	Non-Syndromic Sensorineural Hearing Loss
AID	Artificial Insemination By Donor
ART	Assisted Reproductive Technology
LSI	Lifestyle Intervention
OHE	Oral Health Education
MOH	Ministry of Health
COPD	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
HIRC	Health Information Resource Center
DCS	Decision Conflict Scale
IMP	Investigational Medicinal Products
PIL	Patient Information Leaflet
HHT	Health Heart Tracker

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Received on 07.12.2022 Modified on 02.04.2023

Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2023; 11(3):223-225.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2023.00050