A Descriptive Study to assess the learning needs and self-care practice regarding post natal care among mothers who underwent LSCS with a view to develop and distribute an information booklet at selected hospital in Udaipur city, Rajasthan
Manisha Charpota1, VijayammaAjmera2
1Final Year M.Sc. Nursing Student, Government College of Nursing MBGH, Udaipur.
2Principal, Government College of Nursing, MBGH Udaipur.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: manishacharpota47@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Mothers undergoing caesarean section have not expected this operative procedure and were unable to perform self-care practices during post-operative period. The proper guidance promotes maternal and neonatal wellbeing by adopting a holistic approach to care and prevent complication like puerperal infection, wound sepsis, neonatal morbidity, and also length of hospital stay after surgery. Present study was aimed to assess the learning needs and self-care practice regarding post natal care among mothers who underwent LSCS. 120 samples were selected using non probability purposive sampling technique and structured interview schedule and five points likert scale was used for data collection. Findings in terms of learning need revealed that 62.50% of respondents had poor level of knowledge, 35% had average level of knowledge and 2.5 % had good level of knowledge. The overall mean knowledge scores regarding postnatal care were 45.10%. findings related to self care practices shows that 99.17% respondents were having poor practice on self care on 2nd day & 86.67% on 3rd day & 50% on the 4th day, whereas 0.83%, 13.33% and 50% respondents were having average practices on 2nd, 3rd and 4th day respectively. At the same time none of the respondents were having good practices on 2nd, 3rd as well as on 4th day. In this study showed that the postnatal mothers had high learning needs regarding post natal care after caesarean section and their self care practice performed was poor. The self care practice was increased every day, because of the awareness created by the health personnel during hospital stay. Information booklet can be helpful to increase the knowledge and to improve the self care practices as well.
KEYWORDS: Learning needs, Self-care practices, Caesarean section, LSCS, Postnatal care.
INTRODUCTION:
Caesarean sections can be planned but most often done due to unexpected problems that occur during delivery which could be risky for mother or baby. Although a caesarean section is relatively safe, it is major surgery and recovery is longer than that of a vaginal birth, usually taking about six weeks.1
A caesarean section is associated with risks of post operative adhesions, incisional hernias, surgical site infection, endometritis, abscess, Subfascial hematoma, bladder flap hematoma etc2.
A caesarean section delivery is a lifesaving surgical procedure for mothers and babies when certain complications appear during pregnancy or labor. According to a WHO statement published in 2015, the ideal rate for caesarean sections in a given population should be 10-15%.3 In the past several decades, a pattern of rapid increases in cesarean delivery rates has been observed worldwide, and this increase has varied across regions.4
The National Family Health Surveys (NFHS) of 2015 (NFHS-4) found that the caesarean section rate in India – 17.2% – was higher than the WHO-recommended limit3.
NEED FOR THE STUDY:
All women will be given the opportunity to talk about her labour and to enquire about the care that she will receive. If the mother has adequate knowledge about post natal care, puerperal complication can be prevented. To achieve and maintain health is increasingly valued and also it is an individual’s responsibility. Promotion of health, prevention of illness, early detection of complication, taking proper precautionary measure and self-care practices are expected to be performed on their own part. Enhanced learning needs and better knowledge improves the self-care practices of the individual.
There are few studies that analyse the need to conduct frequent assessment of knowledge and attitude of postnatal mothers regarding self-care after childbirth. Postpartum maternal health care is a neglected aspect of women’s healthcare. This negligence is evident of the limited national health objectives and data related to maternal health.5 The investigator during her clinical posting observed that many women were unable to perform the self-care practices that lead to delayed recovery, and puerperal complications and morbidity which made the investigator to take up this topic for study.
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
“A descriptive study to assess the learning needs and self-care practice regarding post natal care among mothers who underwent LSCS with a view to develop an information booklet at selected hospital in Udaipur city, Rajasthan”
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
1. To assess the learning needs of post natal mothers who underwent LSCS
2. To observe the self-care practice among post natal mothers who underwent LSCS
3. To associate the learning needs and self care practice with selected socio-demographic variables
4. To identify the relationship between learning needs and self-care practices
5. To prepare and distribute an information booklet regarding self care practice of post natal care
HYPOTHESIS:
H1 There is a significant association between learning needs with self-care practices with selected socio-demographic variables
H2 There is a significant co-relation between learning needs and self-care practices
Exploratory approaches were used.
Research design:
Descriptive cross - sectional research design.
Setting of the study:
The study was undertaken in Rajkiya Pannadhaya Mahila Chikitsalya Udaipur, Rajasthan.
Population:
Post caesarean section mothers at Rajkiya Pannadhaya Mahila Chikitsalaya, Udaipur, Rajasthan.
Sample and Sample Size
120 Post caesarean section mothers at Rajkiya Pannadhaya Mahila Chikitsalaya Udaipur, Rajasthan.
Non probability purposive sampling techniques were used.
Post caesarean section mothers
· Willing to participate in the study
· From day 2nd onwards of caesarean section
· With alive babies
· Who were present at the time of data collection
Post caesarean section mothers
· With co-existing medical problems
· With obstetrical complications
· Not willing to participate in the study
Structured interview schedule which consisted of three sections
Section A - It described the selected sample characteristics. It comprised of 6 items for obtaining information regarding age in year, education qualification, and occupation, types of family, life style, and dietary pattern of mothers who underwent LSCS.
Section B - Consisted of structured interview schedule on learning needs regarding post natal care. This section consisted of 25 items on selected aspects. The selected aspects were introduction and meaning, ambulation, nutrition elimination, breast feeding and hygiene, wound care, personal hygiene and care.
Section C - Five points likert scale was prepared to assess the self care practice. Self care practice were assessed with five points likert scale consequently for three days.The selected aspects such as: ambulation, nutrition, elimination, breast feeding and hygiene, wound care, personal hygiene and care .
Data Collection Procedure:
Written permission was obtained from ethical committee of RNT medical college, Udaipur prior to data collection.The sample was post cesarean section mothers were selected from day 2nd of cesarean section for the study at Rajkiya Pannadhya Mahila Chiktsalaya, Udaipur. The purpose of the study was explained and informed consent was obtained from mothers.
Data was analyzed as follows:
Plan for data analysis was as follows,
· The obtained data was presented in the form of tables and figures.
· A master data sheet was prepared by the investigator
· Distribution of samples according to socio demographic variables was analyzed using frequency and percentage distribution.
· Inferential statistics used for analysis of learning needs and self care practice.
· Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficients formula was used to find out the relationship between learning needs and self care practices.
· ANOVAand t-test was used to find out the significant association between mean learning needs scores and self care practice scores with socio-demographic variables of mothers who underwent LSCS.
The demographic characteristics of the respondents revealed that
· Majorityof the respondents 49.17% were found in the age group of 31-40 years.
· Majority of the respondents 41% were having primary education.
· Majority of respondents 55.83% were house wives.
· Majority of respondents 50.83% were from joint family.
· Majority of respondents 72.5% were having moderately active life style.
· Majority of respondents 55.83% were vegetarian
Fig.1: Area Wise Scores of Learning Needs Regarding Postnatal Care
Fig.2: Level of Knowledge Based on Learning Needs
Fig.3: Level of Self Care Practice Scores Regarding Postnatal Care
Fig.4: Co-relation between Learning Needs and Self Care Practices
Association between Levels of Learning Needs and Self Care Practices with Selected Socio-Demographic Variables:
Significant association was found between Level of Learning Needs with Selected Socio-Demographic Variables such as age, education, and occupation, whereas no significant association between mean learning needs scores with selected socio demographic variables such as type of family, life style and dietary patterns.
Significant association was found between Self Care Practices with Selected Socio-Demographic Variables such as education, whereas no significant association was found for age, occupation, type of family, life style, and dietary pattern.
· Study was conducted among 120 post caesarean section mothers the same study needs to be conducted on a large population.
· A comparative study can be conducted between primi para and multipara mothers who underwent LSCS on same topic.
· A comparative study on self care practices among post natal mother can be conducted between mother undergone vaginal delivery and LSCS.
· An experimental study can be conducted to assess the level of knowledge and self care practices regarding post natal care among mothers who underwent LSCS can be done.
REFERENCES:
Received on 06.10.2021 Modified on 14.12.2021
Accepted on 23.02.2022 © A&V Publications all right reserved
Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2022; 10(2):133-136.
DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2022.00031