A Study to assess the Effectiveness of Information Booklet on Knowledge regarding First aid and Safety Measure among Early Adolescent age

(10 – 14 years) Children in selected schools at Udaipur

Mr. Navin Soni¹, Mr. Jayesh Soni²

¹Asst. Professor, Mahaveer College of Nursing, Vatrak, Dist. Aravalli, Gujrat.

²HOD of Child Health Nursing, Venkteswar College of Nursing, Umarda, Dist: Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: navinanisoni1988@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: Basic first aid knowledge helps children to deal with emergency situations. Everyone needs to teach children about being mentally prepared for emergencies. Children should be taught about different first aid measures, both at home and at school, which helps emphasize the importance of child safety. This enables them overcome difficult situations like injuries, burns and outdoor emergencies. First aid is all about using common sense in the hour of need. Objectives of the study: To evaluate the effectiveness of self Instructional module by comparing the pretest and post test knowledge of school children. Method and Material: quantitative pre experimental one group pre test post test research design was used. by using Simple random sampling technique. This study was also done on 120 samples; data was collected by semi structured questionnaire to assess the knowledge regarding First aid and safety measure among Early Adolescent age (10-14 year). Results: The pre test means score was 10.58, standard deviation was 1.71 and the mean % was 52.9. The post test means score was 14.94, standard deviation was 1.39 and the mean % was 74.7. The difference in mean% was 21.8. The calculated ‘t’ value of 22.31 which showed high statistical significance at p<0.001 level. There was no significant association of post test level of knowledge with any of the demographic variables. Regarding First aid and safety measure. Conclusion: The present study assessed the knowledge of school children regarding first aid and safety measures, the school children had inadequate knowledge regarding first aid safety measures. After reading Self Instructional Module, there was a significant improvement in school children knowledge regarding first aid and safety measures.

KEYWORDS: Effectiveness, Information Booklet, Knowledge, First aid, Safety measures, School children.

INTRODUCTION:

Over the past century, focus of health has shifted to disease prevention, health promotion and wellness. Today, society is complex and ever changing. As children grow, they must learn not only to cope with the current demands but also to prepare for many unexpected events that they will face in their tomorrows.

Basic first aid knowledge helps children to deal with emergency situations. Everyone needs to teach children about being mentally prepared for emergencies. Children should be taught about different first aid measures, both at home and at school, which helps emphasize the importance of child safety. This enables them overcome difficult situations like injuries, burns and outdoor emergencies. First aid is all about using common sense in the hour of need.

School age children are very active at home, in the community and at the school. This increased activity and time away from parents increases the risk for unintentional injuries .The death rate in children between 5 to 10 years of age is less than younger children. Each year, 20% to 25% of all children sustain an injury to seek medical attention or to miss the school.

First aid is not only just about helping crash victims at the roadside. But also calming an injured person or as profound as saving a life. Certain self limiting illnesses or minor injuries may not require further medical care immediately if first aid is given. It aims to preserve and protect life, prevent further injury or deterioration of illness and help to promote recovery. The internationally accepted symbol for first aid is the white cross on a green background

There are 50 species of poisonous snakes in India. Majority of morbidity and mortality are due to 5 species and it is reported that 20,000 snakebites and 15,000 deaths occur annually in India.

NEED OF THE STUDY:

Fire and burn injuries account for a significant number of unintentional injuries. Children playing with matches and lighters are the leading cause of death in residential fire for children. Under five, children are twice likely to die, when compared with the rest of the population due to fire. Children, aged up to 4yrs comprise 20% and 5-14yrs 10% of all patients with burns.

In India there were more boys than girls. Most (1354 [46.9%]) of the accidents had occurred at home and schools. Falls and sports-related accidents were the leading causes of injury (in 1088 [37.7%] and 560 [19.4%] of the cases respectively). Most of the visits were for minor injuries (bumps, swellings, cuts, bruises and scrapes), and only 114(4.0%) of the children were admitted to the hospital. Injuries from motor vehicle accidents accounted for the highest admission rate (17.4%). Important information regarding the circumstances surrounding the events (e.g., whether a seat belt or car seat was used) was frequently missing from the charts.

School age children are eager to develop skills and participate in meaningful and socially useful work. They acquire a sense of personal and interpersonal competence. School age children have developed more refined muscular coordination and can apply their cognitive capacities to their behavior. The more positive children feel about themselves, the more confident they will be trying for success in the future. School serves as the agent for transmitting the values of society to each succeeding generation of children.

India - a country of over a billion people - is today one of the youngest countries in the world. Nearly one third of its population is under 15 years of age. Economists and advocates of developments have repeatedly stressed that India needs to provide far greater access to improved healthcare and education for this young population.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

“A Study to assess the Effectiveness of Information Booklet on Knowledge regarding first aid and Safety Measure among early adolescent age (10-14 years) Children in selected Schools at Udaipur”.

OBJECTIVES:

· To assess the pretest level of knowledge on first aid and safety measures among school children.

· To evaluate the effectiveness of Information Booklet by comparing the pretest and post test knowledge of school children.

· To associate post test score with selected demographic variables like (age, family income, type of family, family size, religion, place of residence, food habit, parent education and occupation status) on first aid safety measures among school children.

Assumption:

The study is based on following assumptions:

· The Children possess inadequate knowledge regarding first aid and safety measures.

· Information Booklet will improve the knowledge regarding first aid and safety measure

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Quantitative pre experimental one group pre test post test research design was used. By using simple random sampling technique. This study was also done on 120 samples; data was collected by self structured knowledge questionnaire to assess the knowledge regarding First aid and safety measure.

RESULTS:

Demographic data was analyzed using frequency and percentage. Frequencies, percentage, mean, mean percentage and standard deviation was used to determine the knowledge score. chi- square test was done to determine the association with the knowledge of early adolescent age (10-14 years) with selected demographic variables.

Finding related to demographic data:

In this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 40.83% (13 year), parents educational status 40.83% (graduate), occupational status of family 46.67% (employed), family income per month 40.84% (more than Rs. 8000/-), Type of the family 65.83% (Joint family), members in family 47.5% (5), type of house 95% (pakka house), place of residence 78% (rural), food habbits 55.83% (non vegetarian).

Knowledge score of early adolescent girls (10-14 year) regarding First aid and safety measure. (N=120)

Knowledge Score	PRE - TEST		POST - TEST
Knowledge Score	Frequecy	%	Frequecy	%
Inadequate (1-7)	52	43.33%	0	0%
Moderate (8-14)	68	56.67%	40	33.33%
Adequate (15-20)	0	0%	80	66.67%

Pre test only 52 (43.33%) of children had poor level (1-7 score) of knowledge on First aid and safety measure, 68 (56.67%) of children had Moderate level (8-14 score) of knowledge on First aid and safety measure, and no one had adequate knowledge (15-20 score) on First aid and safety measure.

During post test no one had inadequate knowledge (1-7 score) on First aid and safety measure. 40 (33.33%) of children had Moderate level (8-14 score) of knowledge on First aid and safety measure, 80 (66.67%) of children had adequate level (15-20 score) of knowledge on First aid and safety measure.

Finding related to effectiveness of self instructional module.

Distribution of subject on paired “t” test between pre test and post test knowledge score regarding First aid and safety measure among early adolescents age.

Parameters

Mean

Standard Diviation

t value

Pre - Test

15.1

2.4

T= 38.3

DF = 119

Post - Test

24.3

1.2

Table show that the association between the pre test level of knowledge and socio demographic variable. Based on the third objectives used to chi- square test to associate the level of knowledge of First aid and safety measure and selected demographic variables. The chi square was less than the table value at the 0.05 level of significance.

CONCLUSION:

The present study assessed the knowledge of school children regarding first aid and safety measures, the school children had inadequate knowledge regarding first aid safety measures. After reading Self Instructional Module, there was a significant improvement in school children knowledge regarding first aid and safety measures.

REFERENCES:

1. Abdellah, J. (1978). Patient Care Through Nursing Research. (3 rd ed). New York: Mac Millan

2. Adele Pillitteri. (2007). Maternal and Child Health Nursing, (5th ed). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilikins Publication

3. Basavanthappa B.T (2000). Nursing Research. (2nd ed). Bangalore: Jaypee Publishers

4. Brunner and Suddarth. (1992). Text Book of Medical Surgical Nursing. (7th ed). Philadelphia: Lippincott company

Received on 06.03.2021 Modified on 05.04.2021

Int. J. Nur. Edu. and Research. 2021; 9(3):328-330.

DOI: 10.52711/2454-2660.2021.00077