A Study to assess the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programe on knowledge regarding Vector Borne Diseases among the farmers of selected rural areas of Mehsana District

 

Dr. Dayalal Patidar¹, Ms. Sejal Patel²

¹Principal, HOD of Community Health Nursing Department, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana

²2^nd Year M.Sc Nursing Student, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana

 

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: A vector-borne disease is one in which the pathogenic micro-organism is transmitted from an infected individual to another individual by an arthropod or other agent, sometimes with other animals serving as intermediary hosts. Nearly half of the world's population is infected by vector-borne diseases, resulting in high morbidity and mortality^. These "vector-borne" diseases include malaria, dengue fever, filaria, Kala-Azar,Chikungunya and Japanese encephalitis. Vector borne diseases (VBDs) account for 17% of the estimated global burden of all infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding Vector borne diseases among the Farmers. Design: A quantitative approach using pre experimental one group pre-test post-test design. Participants: 100 Farmers were selected using Probability Simple random sampling technique in selected RURAL areas of Mehsana District. Interventions: Planned teaching programme was given to the Farmers. Tool: Self Structured Questionnaire was used to assess the level of Knowledge of Farmers regarding Vector borne diseases.  Results:  In  this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 40% (Above 47), Gender 58% (Female), Marital status 75% (Married), Education 43% (Secondary), Occupation 40 % (Self-employment), and Monthly income 35% (5001-10,000), Type of family 43% (Joint Family), Type of House 62% (Pakka House), Previous knowledge 65% (Yes), The post- test Knowledge mean score (24.01 ± 3.65) higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (13.09± 4.00). The calculated ‘t’ value (25.07) was greater than the table value (1.98) at 0.05 level of significance. The planned teaching programme was effective in increasing the knowledge of Farmers regarding Vector borne diseases. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that planned teaching programme helps in improving knowledge regarding Vector borne diseases among the Farmers.

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

“The ultimate goal of farming is not the growing of crops, but the cultivation and perfection of human beings”.

                                                         Masanobu Fukuoka 

A FARMER means the people who are working and raising field crops in the field of agriculture especially in villages. They work to grow different crops and might own or work as labourer on land owned by others¹.

Vector borne diseases (VBDs) account for 17% of the estimated global burden of all infectious diseases. Malaria, the most deadly VBD, caused an estimated 627,000 deaths in 2012. In recent years they have emerged as a major public health problem in India, particularly dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis and malaria now occur in epidemic proportions almost on an annual basis causing considerable morbidity and mortality.²

 

In India, vector-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, chikangunya, Japanese encephalitis (JE), kala-azar and lymphatic filariasis have considerable impact, in terms of morbidity and mortality. The epidemiology of these vector borne diseases varies considerably, on account of ecology, vector bionomics, and economic, socio cultural and behavioural factors.³

 

The world’s fastest growing VBD is dengue, with a 30-fold increase in disease incidence over last 50 years. Every year there are more than 1 billion cases and over 1 million deaths from VBDs. In India, 27% population live in malaria high transmission area. The diseases are commonly in tropical and subtropical regions and places where access to safe drinking water and sanitation system is problematic. They are on the rise because of failure of these existing methods of control of vector and VBDs and the climate change. A steep rise of VBDs is due to several factors such as selection of insecticide resistant vector population, drug resistant parasite population, and lack of effective vaccines against VBDs.⁴

 

NEED OF THE STUDY:

“Wisdom…. comes not from age, but from education and learning.”

Anton Chekhov:

Special attention is needed for the health problems of agricultural workers, who constitute some three-quarters of the world’s working population. Agriculture is not a safe occupation. Agricultural workers face a large number of health   problems, many of which arise from their work. In 1990, the National Safety Council of the United States estimated that agriculture was the most dangerous occupation, agricultural work embraces a wide range of activities including animal husbandry; planting and cultivation; harvesting and storage; transport; maintenance and repair; and construction. Animal diseases are also an important environmental problem associated with livestock in agriculture.⁵

 

Disease spread by vector kill a million people every year and more than half of the world’s population at risk of vector borne diseases. In august 2018 Times of India reported 1363 cases of vector borne disease in one month. Vector-borne diseases account for more than 17% of all infectious diseases, causing more than 700 000 deaths annually.⁶

According to who on world health day 2012 there were 1.06 million cases of malaria were reported by 12 states, namely Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh, and Haryana. According to global report saws that there are 216 million cases and 4, 45,000 deaths occur due to malaria and world malaria report 2017 estimates those 1.31 million cases and 23,990 deaths due to malaria. According to WHO November 2017 India has 4th highest number of malaria cases and deaths in world.⁷ 

 

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

“A Study To Assess The Effectiveness Of Planned Teaching Programe On Knowledge Regarding Vector Borne Diseases Among The Farmers In Selected Rural Areas Of Mehsana District”.

 

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

·       To assess the knowledge regarding vector born diseases among the Farmers of selected rural area of Mehsana district.

·       To assess the effectiveness of planned teaching program on knowledge regarding Vector Born Diseases among the farmers of selected rural area of Mehsana district.

·       To find out the association of the knowledge with their selected demographic variable.

 

HYPOTHESIS:

H0:   There will be a no significant difference between pre test and post test level of knowledge score regarding Vector Borne Diseases among the Farmers at 0.05 level of significance. 

H1:  There will be significant difference between pretest and post test knowledge scores after administration of planned teaching programme regarding Vector Borne Diseases among the Farmers at 0.05 level of significance

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Quasi experimental one group Pretest/Post test research design and Quantitative Approach. Effectiveness of Planned teaching program knowledge regarding Vector Borne Diseases among The Farmers of selected rural areas of Mehsana district. The data were collected from 100 Farmers. “Probability Simple Random Sampling” sampling technique was used. A structured questionnaire was selected to assess the knowledge regarding Vector Borne disease.

 

RESULTS:

Demographic data was analyzed using frequency and percentage. Frequencies, percentage, mean, mean percentage and standard deviation was used to determine the knowledge score. The ‘t’ value was computed to show the effectiveness of teaching programme and chi-square test was done to determine the association between the pretest knowledge of Industrial worker with selected demographic variables.

 

Finding related to demographic data:

In  this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 40% (Above 40 y), Gender 58% (Female), Marital status 75% (Married), Education 43% (Secondary), Occupation 40% (Self employee), Income 35% (5001 to 10000) type of Family 43% (Joint Family), Type of House 62% (kaccha house), previous knowledge 65% (yes).

 

First source of information 21% (Mass Media and Friends and relatives)

 

Finding related to pre and post knowledge score:

Level of Knowledge	Pre-test		Post-test
	Frequency	Percent (%)	Frequency	Percent (%)
Poor (1- 11)	33	33%	0	0%
Average (12-22)	67	67%	23	23%
Good (23 – 33 )	00	00%	77	77%

 

Pre-test, only 33 (33%) of Farmers had Poor level (0 -11 score) of knowledge on Vector Borne Diseases, 67 (67%) of workers had average (12 - 22 score) level of knowledge on Vector Borne Diseases and no one had good knowledge (23 – 33 score) on Vector Borne Diseases.

 

During Post-test, No one of Farmers had Poor level (0 -11 score) of knowledge on Vector Borne Diseases, 23 (23%) of workers had average (12-22 score) level of knowledge on Vector Borne Diseases and 77 (77%) had good knowledge (23–33 score) on Vector Borne Diseases.

 

It was inferred from the above table that the planned teaching programme was effective in improving knowledge Vector Borne Diseases among Farmers

 

Finding related to effectiveness of Planned teaching programme:

Distribution of subject on paired ‘t’ test between pretest and posttest knowledge score regarding Vector Borne Diseases among Farmers.

 

Parameter	Mean	Standard, Deviation	‘t’ value
Pre-test	13.09	4.00	T = 25.07* DF =99
Post-test	24.01	3.65

 

Finding related to association between pretest knowledge score of Farmers with selected demographic variables:

Table show that the association between the Pre test level of Knowledge and socio demographic Variable. Based on the Third objectives used to chi –square test to associate the level of knowledge of Vector Borne Diseases and selected demographic variable. The chi square values show that there is all significant. The calculated Chi-square was less than the table value at the 0.05 level of significance.

 

CONCLUSION:

The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Vector Borne Diseases. The study was conducted by using Pre experimental one group pre-test post-test research design. Mehsana district was selected for conducting the study. The sample size was 100 Farmers using probability Simple Random Sampling method.

 

REFERENCES:

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2.      SEARO. WHO vector borne diseases in India: report of brain storming session, 2012.

3.      India, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Malaria: magnitude of the problem. New Delhi: National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme, Directorate General of Health Services. http://www. nvbdcp.gov.in/malaria3.html - accessed 22 March 2014.

4.      Gupta JP, Shyma KP, Ranjan S, Gaur GK, Bhushan B. Genetic manipulation of endosymbionts to control vectors and VBDs. Vet World 2012;5(9):571-6.

5.      ″Agriculture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia″, 2012 Jul 29, available from www.ikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture, retrieved 20th December 2012.

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Received on 30.07.2019          Modified on 18.08.2019

Accepted on 09.09.2019     © A&V Publications all right reserved