A Study to assess the effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Causes and Prevention of Cervical Cancer among Adolescent Girls in selected Junior Colleges at Bangalore

 

Mrs. B. Archana

Assistant Professor, Shri Anand Instituate of Nursing, Rajkot, Gujarat.

 

ABSTRACT:

A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on causes and prevention of cervical cancer among adolescent girls in selected junior colleges at Bangalore. The objectives of the study were (a) To assess the pre- test knowledge on cervical cancer among adolescent girls (b) To develop and implement structured teaching programme on cervical cancer among adolescent girls (c) To determine effectiveness of structured teaching programme through post test knowledge scores (d) To associate the demographic variables with pre- test knowledge on cervical cancer among adolescent girls (e) To associate the demographic variables with post- test knowledge on cervical cancer among adolescent girls. The research approach selected for the study was Evaluative research approach and Non experimental research design. The study was conducted at Vijaya pre university college at Bangalore. The findings of the study revealed that there was a marked increase in knowledge of adolescent girls after exposing them to structured teaching programme on cervical cancer. The mean pre-test knowledge score of subjects was 11.18 with mean percentage of 64.53, whereas mean post-test knowledge score of subjects was 19.9 with mean percentage of 82.91. The mean post-test knowledge score was found to be significantly higher than mean pre-test knowledge score at 0.05 level of significance (t_{49 =} 24.916, P<0.01).

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

In today’s world, cervical cancer is primarily a disease found in low income countries. Of the nearly 500,00 new cases that occur annually, 83% are in the developing world, 85% of the 274,000 deaths associated with cervical cancer. The south Asian region harbours one fourth of the burden of this disease. In India alone there are an estimated 132,000 new cases and 74,000 deaths each year.

 

most women with cervical cancer in these countries present with advanced disease and stage at presentation including poor knowledge about the disease further more there is a lack of screening among general population.³

 

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer affecting women world wide and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly in the developing world. Where more than 288,000 women will die of this disease each year. Rates of cervical; cancer is unacceptably high. the American cancer society estimates that 11,150 women will be diagnosed with cervical cancer in 2007 and that 3670 has died.⁵

 

 

Cervical cancer is caused by human papillomavirus. It is a sexually transmitted infection. which in the majority of cases is transient, asymptomatic and clinically insignificant. in some women the infection becomes persistent and may lead to development of cervical cancer. Today cervical cancer is most prevalent in areas where no effective screening has been established.⁹

 

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

A research study shown that each year in the united states, there are an estimated 9710 new cases of cervical cancer and 3700 deaths due to the diseases. Wide spread use of a screening test called the pap smear has lead to decline in the no of deaths resulting from cervical cancer. Continued progress and education about screening may allow for earlier detection and higher cure rates.⁴

 

According to Population based cancer registries (2009) suggested that cancer of cervix has been the most important cancer in women in India over past decades. Bangalore, Bhopal, Chennai, Delhi and Mumbai have shown a statistically significant increase in incidence rates of cervical cancer. The estimated number of new cases during 2009 in India was 96,708 with 70.7%.⁵

 

According to Hospital based cancer registries (2010) in India 1,00,000 women are affecting with cervical cancer. Barshi and Chennai have recorded highest incidence of cervical cancer (50.2%). It is the leading site of cancer in Bangalore (40%). The second leading site in Mumbai (30%) and Thiruvananthapuram (30.7%). The third leading site in Dibrugarh (28.7%).⁴

 

OBJECTIVES:

(a)    To assess the pre- test knowledge on cervical cancer among adolescent girls

(b)    To develop and implement structured teaching programme on cervical cancer among adolescent girls

(c)    To determine effectiveness of structured teaching programme through post- test knowledge scores

(d)    To associate the demographic variables with pre- test knowledge on cervical cancer among adolescent girls

(e)    To associate the demographic variables with post- test knowledge on cervical cancer among adolescent girls.

 

MATERIAL AND METHOD:

Research Design:

Non experimental research design was adopted for this study.

 

Research Study Setting:

The study was conducted at Vijaya pre university college at Bangalore.

Population:

The total group of individual people or things meeting the designed criteria of interest to the researcher.

 

Sample:

A subset of population is called sample. In this study the sample is adolescent girls who are studying in Vijaya pre university college at Bangalore.

 

Sample size:

In this study sample size is 100

 

Sampling Technique: 

Probability   Simple random sampling technique was adopted to select the sample from the selected area.

 

RESULTS:

·       The Results of the study revealed that there was a marked increase in knowledge of adolescent girls after exposing them to structured teaching programme on cervical cancer.

·       The mean pre-test knowledge score of subjects was 11.18 with mean percentage of 64.53, whereas mean post-test knowledge score of subjects was 19.9 with mean percentage of 82.91.

·       The mean post-test knowledge score was found to be significantly higher than mean pre-test knowledge score at 0.05 level of significance (t_{49 =} 24.916, P<0.01).

 

CONCLUSION:

The structured teaching programme delivered through projector, chart and pamphlet was found to be an effective strategy for providing information and for improving the knowledge of adolescent girls the result of the study showed that there is a great need for health personnel to educate the adolescent girls regarding cervical cancer to prevent cervical cancer incidence and to reduce the mortality rates in the community.

 

The study concluded that pre-test knowledge score of subjects regarding cervical cancer had no association with demographic variables. And it was concluded that post-test knowledge score of subjects had association with only age and not with other demographic variables.

 

REFERENCES:

1.      D.C. Dutta “gynaecology” 6 ^th edition new central book agency pvt.ltd, page no. 327-340.

2.      Brunner and Siddharth’s “Medical and Surgical nursing “8 ^th edition, Lippincott publications, page no. 2444-2446.

3.      Roktin ID. A Comparison review of key Epidemiological studies in cervical cancer, page no. 1353-1367.

4.      Joyce. M. black,” Medical Surgical; nursing”, 8 ^th edition, volume-1, page no. 927-930.

 

 

 

 

 

Received on 20.03.2019          Modified on 24.06.2019

Accepted on 08.08.2019     © A&V Publications all right reserved