A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme (PTP) on Knowledge and Attitude regarding Depression among Adolescent in selected Higher Secondary School of Mehsana District

 

Dr. Jayesh. Patidar¹, MS. Jinal Patel²

¹HOD of Mental Health Department, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana

2^nd Year M.Sc Nursing Student, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana

 

ABSTRACT:

INTRODUCTION: Depression is a common problem in advancing year, which cause enormous human suffering and interferes with normal day-to-day life. Depression is a combination of symptoms with interferes with one’s ability. Major symptoms of depression are persistent sad, anxious, feeling of guilt, worthlessness, helplessness, loss of interest, loss of appetite, irritability, difficulty in concentrating, forgetfulness, digestive disorder, chronic pain etc Depression is so widespread that it has become the common cold psychiatry. According to WHO (2015) it is estimated that 57 million people in India suffer from depression. National Mental Health survey (2015-2016) reports that one in 20 people over that age of 18 has suffered from depression at least once in their lifetime. It occurs due to sense of abandonment and restriction in activity of daily living.it may be described as feeling sad, unhappy, and miserable or down in dumps. Most of us feel this way at one time or another for shorter periods depression is generally ranked in terms of severity mild, moderate or severe.  The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Planned teaching programme on Knowledge and attitude regarding depression among adolescents. Design: A quantitative approach using pre experimental pre-test post-test design with one group. Participants: 100 Adolescents Higher secondary school were selected using Non-Probability Convenient sampling technique in Mehsana District. Interventions: Planned teaching was given to the Adolescents. TOOL: Self Structured Questionnaire was used to assess the level of Knowledge and Likert scale of assess the level of attitude regarding depression among Adolescents. Results: In  this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 48% (17y), Gender 66% (Female), Religion 91 % (Hindu), Education status 53% (12^th), Stream 45% (Arts), Board of examination 75 % (G.B.S.E),  Fathers Education status 49% (Higher secondary),Mother Educational status 38% (Primary), Type of family64%(Nuclear),Monthly income34%(Above 15000). (The post- test Knowledge mean score (9.68 ± 3.33) was higher than the mean pre-test Knowledge score (15.40 ±2.22) and post- test Attitude mean score (29.58 ± 3.30) was higher than the Mean pre-test Attitude Score (30± 3.50). The calculated ‘t’ value (29.80) Knowledge and attitude (32.69). ‘t’ value. Of attitude was greater than the knowledge ‘t’ value the table value (1.98) at 0.05 level of significance. The planned teaching Programme was effective in increasing the Knowledge and attitude of depression regarding among Adolescents.  Chi-square test to associate the level of knowledge and attitude pre-test selected demographic variable. And find out the correlation of knowledge &attitude. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that planned teaching programme helps in improving Knowledge and attitude regarding depression among Adolescents.

 

INTRODUCTION:

“NOBLE DEEDS AND HOT BATHS ARE THE BEST CURE FOR DEPRESSION”

There is a wise saying “Mens Sana in corpora sano” which means in a sound body rests sound mind. Never neglect the mind which is intimately connected to our body. Be strong that nothing interferes with your peace of mind. Depression is a very common condition which affects more than 1 in 10 people at any time, any of us irrespective of age, gender or background can be affected at any point in our life.  It is a mental health condition which affects a person’s thinking, energy, feelings and behaviour¹.

 

Depression disorders are the most common affective illness found in all age. Depression is a mood disturbance characterized by exaggerated feeling to sadness despair, lowered self-esteem, loss of interesting former activities and pessimistic thoughts, the incidence of increased depression among the elderly is influenced by the variables of physical illness, functional disability and cognitive impairment.²

 

According to W.H.O. estimated the proportion of global population with depression in 2015was 4.4%.it is more common female 5.1%than males 3.6%. The total number of people living with depression in the world is 322 million. The increase in the percentage of people living with depression has increased by 18.4%between 2005 and 2015.It has been found that in India over 5crore Indians suffered from depression according to 2015 estimates (W.H.O.), and over 3 Crore suffered from anxiety disordered. Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide and is +a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease .and at its worst, depression can lead to suicide. Adolescents who performed poorly in academics or came from disadvantages families reported higher rates of depression. A common cause for concern is the pressure from parents to do well in the board examinations, for class XII.³

 

NEED OF THE STUDY:

Adolescents are the future of every nation. The existence of adolescence depression is a reality In India, the population of the adolescents are increasing day by and so is the demand for their health. They are demographic and economic force. They have the right to participate.⁴

 

Depression is the state are sobering, to state the least more than 350 million people worldwide suffer from depression. In 2015 alone, an estimated 16.1 million adult experienced at least one major depressive episode according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Adolescence accounts for more than 1/5th of the world populations and about 21-40% of the total population of India (national youth policy 2000). They have important sub groups with markedly different needs- urban rural street slum and those especially in difficult circumstances.⁵

 

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

A study to assess the effectiveness of planned teaching programme (PTP) on knowledge and attitude regarding depression among Adolescent in selected Higher secondary school of Mehsana district.

 

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

1.     To assess the knowledge regarding depression among Adolescent.

2.     To assess the attitude regarding depression among Adolescent.

3.     To evaluate the effect of planned Teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding depression among Adolescent.

4.     To find out the correlation of the knowledge and attitude regarding depression among Adolescent.

5.     To find out the association of the knowledge with their selected demographical variable.

6.     To find out the association of the attitude with their selected demographical variable.

 

HYPOTHESIS:

H₀₁: There will be no significant difference between Pre-test and Post- test knowledge score regarding depression among Adolescent at 0.05 level of significant.

H₀₂: There will be no significant different between pre-test and post-test attitude score regarding depression among Adolescent at 0.05 level of significant.

H₁: There will be significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge score regarding depression among Adolescent at 0.05 level of significant.

H₂: There will be significant difference between pre-test and post-test attitude score regarding depression among Adolescent at 0.05 level of significant.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Quasi experimental one group Pretest / Post test research design and Quantitative Approach. Effectiveness of Planned teaching program on knowledge and attitude regarding depression among Adolescents in Higher secondary school of Mehsana district. The data were collected from 100 Adolescents. “Non-Probability Convenient” sampling technique were used. A structured questionnaire was selected to assess the knowledge and attitude Likert scale regarding depression among adolescents.

 

RESULTS:

Demographic data was analyzed using frequency and percentage. Frequencies, percentage, mean and standard deviation was used to determine the knowledge score and attitude score. The ‘t’ value was computed to show the effectiveness of teaching programme, find out the correlation of the knowledge and attitude, chi-square test was done to determine the association between the pretest knowledge and attitude of adolescents with their selected demographic variables.

 

Finding related to demographic data:

In this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 48% (17y), Gender 66% (Female), Religion 91 % (Hindu), Education status 53% (12^th), Stream 45% (Arts), Board of examination 75 % (G.B.S.E), Fathers Education status 49% (Higher secondary),Mother Educational status 38%(Primary),Type of family64%(Nuclear),Monthly income34%(Above 15000).

 

Finding related to pre and post knowledge score:

The administration of planned teaching programme, (34%) of sample had poor knowledge (score: 0-8)) regarding depression among adolescent While average knowledge (score09-16) was observed in 66% of the sample. In the post test there was marked improvement in the knowledge of sample with majority (71%) gained average knowledge (score 09-16), (29%) gained good knowledge (score 17-25).

 

Finding related to Pre- test and post -test Attitude score of Adolescents of Mehsana district.

	Pre test		Post test
Attitude score
	F	%	F	%
Favorable	39%	39%	68	68%
Unfavorable	61%	61%	32	32%

 

The administration of planned teaching programme, (39%) of sample had favorable attitude (Score 1-30) regarding Depression among adolescent. While unfavorable attitude (Score 31-50) was observed in (61%) of sample. In the posttest there was marked improvement in the attitude of sample with majority (68%) gained favorable attitude (score1-30) regarding Depression among adolescent. While unfavorable attitude (score 31-50) was observed in 32% of sample.

 

 

Finding related to effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge score of adolescents regarding depression: -

Sr. No	Level of knowledge	Mean	Mean difference	Standard deviation	“t” test	Table value
1.	Pre – test	9.68	5.72	3.33	29.80	1.98
2.	Post- test	15.40		2.22

 

Finding related to effectiveness of planned teaching programme on attitude score of adolescents regarding depression: -

Test	Mean	SD	Mean Difference	t value
PRE-TEST	29.58	3.30	0.42	32.79
POST-TEST	30	3.50

 

The data presented in Table shows that the data also depicts that the mean post-test awareness score (30 ±3.50) was apparently higher than that of mean pre-test (29.58 ± 3.30) attitude score.

 

Finding related to Co-relation of knowledge and attitude of the Depression among adolescents:

correlation value show that there was a significant difference of knowledge (r=0.70, p<0.05), attitude (r=0.60, p<0.05) significantly effects the Planned teaching programme. There is positive correlation between knowledge and attitude.

 

Finding related to association between pretest knowledge score of Adolescents with selected demographic variables:

The pre-test level of Knowledge and socio demographic variable. Based on the Third objectives used to chi- square test to associate the level of knowledge and selected demographic variable. The chi square value show that Eight significances between Age, Gender, Religion, Stream, Education, Father Education status, Mother education status, and Monthly Income. demographic variable and pre– test knowledge score. The calculated chi – square value was less than the table value at the 0.05 level of significance.

 

Finding related to association between pretest attitude score of Adolescents with selected demographic variables:

The pre-test level of Attitude and socio demographic variable. Based on the Third objectives used to chi- square test to associate the level of Attitude and selected demographic variable. The chi square value show that Five significances between Gender, Religion, Stream, Board of examination and Knowledge Regarding Depression. demographic variable and pre– test knowledge score. The calculated chi – square value was less than the table value at the 0.05 level of significance.

 

CONCLUSION:

The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on knowledge and attitude regarding depression among adolescents. The study was conducted by using Pre experimental one group pre-test post-test research design. Mehsana district was selected for conducting the study. The sample size was 100 Adolescents using non-probability convenient sampling method.

 

REFERENCE:

1.        Psychiatric Q. The Therapeutic Use of Humor for Psychiatric Disturbances and Adults.1990; 61(4): P.261-72

2.        Indian journal of continuing nursing education, 2008 (9); 21.

3.        Nightingale nursing times. Ashok Jain publications, sep200817(1),65. Nurses of India. Molly Sam publication, nov15 2010i2(2);17.

4.        Moullec Laurin C, Lavoie KL, Ninot G. Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patient. Curr Opin 2011 Mar;62-71.

5.        World Health Organization 2008, The global Burden of disease 2004 update. http://www.who.int/healthinfo/globle-burden disease /GBD report 2004update full.pdf accessed 2.4 2017.

6.        Nitte nursing journal, 1 sept 2008, sept 2006 1 (1);12-14,10,119.

7.        Shastri Bhatia. childhood and adolescent depression, American family physician, Jan 1, 2007.

 

 

 

 

Received on 11.05.2019          Modified on 05.06.2019

Accepted on 21.06.2019     © A&V Publications all right reserved