A Study to Assess
Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Practice
Regarding Postnatal Exercises among Postnatal Mother in Selected Hospitals of
Valsad District
Meeral Kalariya
Lecturer, Shri Anand College of Nursing, Oppo. Ghanteshwar Park, B/H Sainik
Society, Jamnagar Road, Rajkot
*Corresponding
Author Email: meeralk00@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Postnatal exercise offers a whole range of benefits for mothers to
reduce postnatal complications and help mother to regain her pre-pregnant
state. The level of knowledge and practice regarding postnatal exercises is
essential to reduce postnatal complications. The objective of this study is to
assess the level of knowledge and practice regarding postnatal exercises. The
research designed adopted was pre experimental one group pre-test post-test
design. The conceptual framework for this study was based on Orem’s Self Care
Model. The study had been conducted at L.G.
Haria Hospital; Vapi and Srimad Rajchandra Hospital; Dharmpur of Valsad
district. A total of 60
postnatal mothers were selected by convenient sampling method. The data
collected were analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential statistical
methods. At pretest 58 (96%) had
inadequate knowledge and 44 (74 %) had inadequate practice, while 02 (4%) had
moderate knowledge and 14 (24%) had moderate practice. After STP 42 (70%) was
reported adequate knowledge and 51 (84%) were reported adequate practice
regarding postnatal exercises. The obtained Z-test value (48.86 and 46.10 for
knowledge and practice respectively) were significant at 5%. Chi-square test
was used to check the association and found significant association with the
following demographic variables like age, religion, type of family with
knowledge and life style at home with practice.
KEYWORDS: Effectiveness, Postnatal exercises, Knowledge, Practice.
INTRODUCTION:
Exercises are any bodily activity that enhances or maintains physical fitness and overall health and
wellness. Frequent and regular physical exercises boost the immune system, and helps prevent the
"diseases of affluence" and improves mental health, through that it
develops positive self esteem. Child birth is a significant event in
women. It is a privilege the mother to deliver a baby. The postnatal period is
the time during which mother’s body adjusts physically and psychologically to
the process of childbearing1.
Postnatal exercises are playing important role in many ways like
encourage drainage of lochia and ante-version of the uterus. Movement
of in and outside the bed and breathing exercises are advised during this
period to minimize the risk of deep venous thrombosis (DVT), contraction and
relaxation of the pelvic floor muscles, diminish respiratory and vascular
complications, minimize future prolapsed and stress incontinence, prevent
backache and genital prolapsed, including losing that extra baby weight and
getting fit and healthy, concentrate on proper postures, body alignments and keep
abdominal muscles contracted2.
The postnatal exercises are important during postpartum period,
neglecting the mothers doing postnatal exercises is the one of the factor
contributing to develop complication. A major reason for the high mortality
rate is lack of care at birth and less awareness about the postnatal exercises.
In India most the mothers are not aware of postnatal exercises. It is the
responsibility of the nurse to educate mothers regarding the postnatal
exercises, which is an extended activity for promotion of maternal and child
well being3
NEED
OF THE STUDY:
The period following childbirth during which the body tissues, in
particular the genital and the pelvic organs, return to the condition they were
in pre-pregnancy. There are many factors such as diet, activity, rest,
exercises, that will determine the mother’s postnatal recovery. 4
An epidemiological study shows that effect of postpartum exercises
contribute in mother’s obesity. Effect of postpartum exercises on weight loss
and/or energy balance in mostly lactating women. These studies concluded that
moderate exercises without specific calorie restriction does not promote
greater weight or fat loss.
There is also some research which shows that taking part in
regular exercises after the birth of the baby can help to alleviate the
symptoms of postnatal depression. A study conducted on the role of exercises in
treating postpartum depression. This study concluded that exercises may be
efficacious in reducing symptoms of depression and also exercises can promote
mental health and feelings of well-being. 4
A study has been done on the knowledge; practice and experience of
woman on different postnatal exercises were experiencing great differences such
as decreasing postpartum complication, promoting maternal well being and help
the mothers to regain the pre-pregnant stage5
Hence the postnatal mothers are not aware of postnatal exercises.
They must be educated and impact the knowledge regarding various aspects of
postnatal exercises to decrease the incidence of postpartum complication rate
from preventable and manageable cause.6
OBJECIVES:
1. To assess the knowledge and practice of
the mothers regarding postnatal exercises.
2.
To
determine effectiveness of structured teaching programme regarding postnatal
exercises among postnatal mothers.
3.
To
correlate knowledge and practice of mothers regarding postnatal exercises.
4.
To
find out the association between pretest knowledge and practice of the mothers
and selected demographic variables.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Research design:
Pre experimental research design - One group pre test – post test
Setting:
The study was conducted at selected hospitals of Valsad district.
Population:
The population comprise of mothers who are in postnatal period
admitted in hospitals of Valsad district.
Sample:
Selected 60 samples from two hospitals
Sampling Technique:
The samples were selected for this study by “Non-Probability
Convenient” sampling technique.
Data Analysis:
The data were analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential
statistical methods.
FINDINGS:
1. The study revealed that majority of the samples comes from age
group of 20 -25 years (61.67%) than the other age groups of 25-30 years (20%)
and 15-20 years (16.67%). Most of the subjects 48 (80%) were getting information
though television and friends. 43 (71.67%) subjects had no experience of
postnatal exercises.
2. At pretest 58 (96%) had inadequate knowledge and 44
(74 %) had inadequate practice, while 02 (4%) had moderate knowledge and 14
(24%) had moderate practice. After STP 42 (70%) was reported adequate knowledge
and 51 (84%) were reported adequate practice regarding postnatal exercises.
3. The obtained mean difference of pretest
and posttest knowledge score was 11.13 with z value of 48.86 and practice score
was 15.32 with z value of 46.16 was highly significant at 0.05 levels.
4. Age, religion, type of family was having
significant association with knowledge and life style at home with practice.
CONCLUSION:
This study reveals that majority of the postnatal mothers have
inadequate knowledge and practice regarding postnatal exercises in selected
hospitals of Valsad district. After giving effective structured teaching
programme majority postnatal mothers gained knowledge and adopted. This is
understood that proper structured teaching programme regarding postnatal
exercise was effective to improve the level of knowledge and practice among
postnatal mothers.
REFERENCES:
1.
Dutta D.C. Text Book of Obstetrics. Sixth edition. Calcutta:
New Central Book Agency; (2004).152-53pp
2.
Polit to Hungler. Nursing Research principles of methods. 6th
edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott publishers; 1999. P. 23-24.
3.
Aggrawal C.S.Biostatistics.1st ed. Jalandhar:
Lotus Publishers; 2010.p 203,153,89
4.
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [ACOG].
Exercise during pregnancy and the postpartum period. ACOG Committee Opinion No.
2002; 267 January 2002. Washington, DC: Author
5.
Basavanthappa. B.T. Nursing Research. 1st edition
(reprint). New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers; 2003. P.15.
6.
Bent V. Ruthilinda. K. Brown; Myles Text Book for Midwives;
13th edition; (1999); Churchill Livingstone Publishers.
Received on 29.07.2015 Modified on 24.08.2015
Accepted on 26.08.2015 ©
A&V Publication all right reserved
Int. J. Nur. Edu. and
Research 3(3):July-Sept., 2015; Page 281-283
DOI: 10.5958/2454-2652.2015.00020.7